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Nutrients

Can Dogs Eat Rye (Rye Bread, Seeds, etc.)

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Rye in Dog Food

If you’re unsure about the safety of feeding your dog rye bread with seeds, rye seed, or sourdough rye bread, this comprehensive grain guide will provide you with all the necessary information. I have specifically focused on rye as an ingredient in dog food, and hope it will empower you to make the right choice in feeding your dog rye.

This guide is a part of our series on dog grain diets. We have already discussed various grain ingredients including white and brown rice, wheat, corn, barley, and oats. While all these grains are good sources of carbohydrates, not all may be suitable for your dog. Let’s delve into the details of rye.

What is rye in dog food?

Rye, a cereal grain closely related to wheat and barley, serves a variety of purposes. It is utilized for flour, bread, beer, crispbread, certain whiskeys, some vodkas, and even as animal fodder.

From the image below, you can see that it is very similar to grass and is referred to as a grain cover crop.

image of rye plant
Image of rye plant

Below is an image of rye grain seeds:

Image of rye grain seeds
Image of rye grain seeds available on Amazon here.

Can my dog eat rye?

When it comes to feeding your dog, it’s important to keep in mind that rye, including rye bread, should only be given occasionally as a treat and in small amounts. This is because rye’s nutritional composition is quite similar to that of wheat. If your dog has wheat allergies or a gluten-sensitive stomach, it’s best to avoid feeding them rye altogether.

Furthermore, it’s worth noting that rye has a relatively high sugar content, sodium content, and saturated fat compared to other grains such as rice. High sugar levels can lead to weight gain and other health issues in dogs, while high sodium levels can be harmful to their kidneys. Similarly, high levels of saturated fat can contribute to obesity and heart disease in dogs.

However, compared to wheat, rye possesses lower gluten levels and higher fiber content, making it a preferable choice for dogs with sensitive stomachs. Additionally, it serves as an excellent carbohydrate for regulating blood sugar levels due to its low glycemic index, promoting better heart and digestive health. It is also rich in Vitamin B which supports a healthy immune system, nervous system, and blood cell formation.

Although there are advantages to feeding rye instead of wheat, it’s crucial to recognize that every dog is unique, and their dietary requirements may differ. Even though rye has lower gluten levels compared to wheat, they are still higher than the gluten-free option of rice. All forms of rice – white, brown, or wild are gluten-free. If your dog has a sensitive stomach, it’s recommended to stick to rice or explore other suitable alternatives. Here is a list of dog foods with white rice and another with dog foods with brown rice you can consider as an alternative to rye-based dog food diets.

Can I feed my dog sourdough rye bread?

Sourdough rye bread, also known as “sourbread,” is a type of bread made from natural fermentation. This bread usually contains no added yeast, but instead utilizes wild yeasts and bacteria to create its unique flavor and texture. The process of fermentation allows the sourdough rye bread to develop probiotics, which can have some benefits for your dog’s digestive system but some studies suggest that the common methods of making sourdough rye bread is destroyed by heat during the baking process.

To err on the side of caution, it is important to note that some dogs may have trouble digesting sourdough bread due to its high acidity levels. If your dog has a sensitive stomach, it’s best to avoid giving them sourdough rye bread or any other acidic foods.

Rye seeds: a possible choking hazard to small-breed dogs:

While rye is considered safe for dogs to eat in small amounts occasionally, it’s important to be cautious when feeding them rye seeds. Rye seeds are small and round, making them a potential choking hazard for dogs, especially small breeds. Similar to rye bread or rye flour, rye seeds have high levels of sodium, sugar, and saturated fat that make it unsafe for your dog to eat in large amounts. In addition, dogs with allergic reactions to gluten or with stomach sensitivities may cause stomach issues if you feed rye seeds.

If you do choose to incorporate rye seeds into your dog’s diet, make sure they are ground or crushed to prevent any potential choking incidents.

In addition, rye seeds contain phytates, which can inhibit the absorption of certain nutrients in dogs. This is why it’s important to limit the amount of rye seeds in your dog’s diet and ensure they are properly processed before being consumed.

Nutritional benefits of rye to dogs:

Rye is a great source of nutrients for dogs. It contains high levels of fiber, protein, vitamins, and minerals such as iron, magnesium, and phosphorus. These nutrients are important for maintaining your dog’s overall health and well-being.

When compared to rice, rye is richer in Manganese, Fiber, Phosphorus, Copper, Magnesium, Vitamin B5, Zinc, Vitamin B2, Iron, and Vitamin B3. Manganese is beneficial for promoting healthy bone growth and development, while fiber helps with digestion and maintaining a healthy weight. Phosphorus is essential for maintaining strong bones and teeth, and copper plays a vital role in producing red blood cells.

Rye is also a good source of B vitamins, which are important for energy production, cell metabolism, and nervous system function. This makes rye an ideal ingredient for active and energetic dogs.

In addition to being a good source of nutrition, rye also has anti-inflammatory properties which can be beneficial for dogs with joint pain or inflammation. It can also help regulate blood sugar levels and promote digestive health in dogs.

Check out this post on commercial dog food diets with rye ingredients.

10 commercial Dog food brands that use rye as carbohydrates source. The brands include Lotus and Horizon Pet Foods
Dog Food Brands with Rye Ingredient

How to incorporate rye into your dog’s diet:

There are several ways you can incorporate rye into your dog’s diet. Here are a few suggestions:

  • Add cooked, ground, or crushed rye grains to your dog’s regular meals as a source of fiber and nutrients.
  • If your dog has gluten sensitivities, you can try using rye flour instead of wheat flour in homemade dog treats or avoid any food diets with rye and wheat.
  • If you still want to feed your dog rye, use rye flour as an alternative to wheat flour when making homemade dog treats.
  • It is recommended to feed your dog small amounts of rye occasionally, as it provides minimal nutritional benefits. Some dogs may be allergic to rye, and the potential negative health impacts may outweigh its benefits.

Which dogs should avoid rye?

  • Dogs with kidney problems: Because rye is high in phosphorus, it may not be suitable for dogs with kidney problems or other conditions that require a low-phosphorus diet.
  • Dogs with gluten allergies or celiac disease: Dogs who are sensitive to gluten or have celiac disease should avoid rye and opt for grain-free diets instead.
  • Rye is high on Magnesium and should be avoided for dogs with allergies to it.

Things to consider:

While rye is generally safe for dogs to consume, it’s important to keep a few things in mind: in small amounts to avoid digestive upset.

  • Make sure your dog is not allergic to rye before incorporating it into their diet.
  • Avoid giving your dog rye bread or other baked goods containing rye as they may contain ingredients that are harmful to dogs such as raisins, chocolate, or xylitol. Stick to using plain, unprocessed rye grains or flour.
  • Always consult with your veterinarian before making any significant changes to your dog’s diet, especially if they have existing health conditions or allergies.

FAQs

Conclusion:

Rye is a nutritious and safe ingredient for dogs when consumed in moderation. It can provide them with essential nutrients, help improve digestion, and serve as an alternative grain for dogs with allergies. However, it’s important to be cautious when feeding them rye seeds and always consult with a veterinarian before making any changes to their diet. With proper research and guidance, you can safely incorporate rye into your dog’s meals and ensure they have a balanced and healthy diet. So, if you are considering adding rye to your dog’s diet, make sure to weigh the potential benefits and risks and consult with a professional to determine if it is the right choice for your furry friend.

Rice in Dog Food

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Overview of rice as a dog food ingredient in commercial food

If you are considering grain-based ingredients for your dog following the FDA’s investigation that linked grain-free dog diets with the occurrence of dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM), then rice may be a good ingredient to consider. While many dog owners are hesitant about feeding their dogs grains, it is important to understand the nutritional value of ingredients like rice before making a decision.

Rice is a staple food for millions of people around the world and has been consumed for thousands of years. It is a type of grain that comes from the grass species Oryza sativa or Oryza glaberrima. There are several varieties of rice, including white, brown, basmati, jasmine, and wild rice.

White and brown rice are the two most common varieties with similar nutritional composition. They are primarily composed of carbohydrates and also provide some protein while being low in fat and sugar. When cooked, rice absorbs a significant amount of water, constituting nearly 70% of its total weight.

Rice Nutrition:

Here is the nutritional composition of rice per 100 grams:

  • Carbohydrates: 79.2 grams
  • Water: 13.3 grams
  • Protein: 6.5 grams
  • Total Lipid/Fat: 0.52 grams
  • Ash: 0.54 grams
  • Energy: 358 kcal
  • Carbohydrate factor:4.16
  • Protein factor:8.37
  • Fat factor:3.82

Carbohydrates:

According to the USDA Nutrition Database, rice is primarily composed of carbohydrate, which makes up 79.2% of its total dry weight. With a carbohydrate factor of 4.16, rice provides a significant source of energy for dogs. Most of the carbohydrate in rice is starch. Starch is the most common form of carbohydrate in foods. Starch is made up of long chains of glucose called amylose and amylopectin.

Protein:

Rice also contains protein, with an average of 6.5 grams per 100 grams serving. While this may seem low compared to other sources of protein, rice is considered a complete protein as it contains all essential amino acids. However, the quality and quantity of protein in rice can vary depending on the variety and processing method.

Fat:

Rice is relatively low in fat, with only 0.52 grams per 100 grams serving. This makes it a suitable option for dogs that may be prone to weight gain or have specific dietary needs. However, it is important to note that rice does not provide essential fatty acids, which are necessary for dogs’ overall health and well-being.

Fiber:

According to the USDA Nutrition Database, Brown rice contains a higher amount of dietary fiber than white rice, about  1.6 g per 100 g. This is because white rice loses the bran, or seed coat, which contains most of the fiber during processing. The bran primarily consists of insoluble fibers, such as hemicellulose, while containing minimal amounts of soluble fiber. Both white and brown rice contain resistant starch, which plays a vital role in promoting gut health. It increases the production of butyrate in the intestines, which in turn helps reduce inflammation, enhance gut barrier function, and lower the risk of colon cancer. Read more about fiber as a dog food ingredient here.

Other Nutrients:

In addition to carbohydrates, protein, and fat, rice also contains other beneficial nutrients such as vitamins and minerals. These include:

  • Thiamine (B1)
  • Niacin (B3)
  • Vitamin B6
  • Folate (B9)
  • Calcium
  • Iron
  • Magnesium
  • Phosphorus
  • Potassium

Is rice good for dogs?

Rice is a highly digestible dog food ingredient and is considered non-toxic and is safe for dogs to eat when cooked. It is also a great source of energy and can be beneficial for dogs that are active or require extra calories. Rice is often recommended as part of a bland diet for dogs with upset stomachs, as it is easy to digest and can help soothe gastrointestinal discomfort.

However, rice should not be the sole source of nutrition for dogs, as it lacks essential amino acids and fatty acids that are necessary for a balanced diet. It is important to consult with a veterinarian or do research on proper canine nutrition before making any significant changes to your dog’s diet.

Benefits of Rice in Dog Food:

  1. Easily Digestible: As mentioned earlier, dogs can easily digest cooked rice compared to other grains.
  2. Provides Energy: Rice is a good source of carbohydrates and provides energy for your dog’s daily activities.
  3. Fiber: Rice contains soluble and resistant starch, which can improve gut health and reduce the risk of colon cancer in dogs.
  4. Gluten-Free Option: For dogs with gluten sensitivities or allergies, rice can be a safe and nutritious alternative to wheat-based grains.
  5. Helps with Digestive Issues: Due to its gentle nature on the digestive system, cooked rice is often recommended for dogs with diarrhea or other GI issues.

Types of Rice Used in Dog Food:

  1. White Rice: The most commonly used type of rice in dog food, it is highly digestible and provides quick energy to dogs.
  2. Brown Rice: This whole grain option contains more nutrients than white rice but may be harder for some dogs to digest.
  3. Wild Rice: A healthier and more nutrient-dense option, wild rice is a good source of protein and fiber for dogs.
  4. Rice Bran: The outer layer of the rice grain, it is rich in vitamins and minerals and often used as a supplement in dog food.

Can Dogs eat brown rice?

Brown rice is a safe option for dogs to consume. It boasts a lower glycemic index compared to white rice and is rich in fiber. A low glycemic index is beneficial for dogs with diabetes or obesity as it helps regulate blood sugar levels. However, some dogs may have trouble digesting brown rice due to its higher fiber content, and is therefore not recommended for dogs with diarrhea. It is always best to consult with a veterinarian before making any major changes to your dog’s diet.

How about Jasmine rice?

Jasmine and Basmati rice which are classified as long-grain white rice are safe for dogs and are preferable to brown rice as they contain less fiber and are more easily digestible. However, it is important to note that Jasmine rice should only be fed in moderation as overconsumption can lead to weight gain.

Can I feed my dog rice cake?

Rice cakes are not recommended for dogs as they often contain added flavors and seasonings that may be harmful to them. Additionally, rice cakes are typically low in nutrients and do not provide any significant health benefits for dogs. It is best to stick with plain cooked rice as a source of carbohydrates for your dog’s diet. If you want to feed your dog a rice cake, consider doing so only occasionally and feed them those with low calories without added salt, spices, or artificial flavors. Read this guide for more details about feeding your dog rice cake.

How about feeding my dog Rice Krispies?

Similarly, make sure you feed your dog Rice Krispies in moderate amounts and occasionally as they are formulated for humans and may not be as easy to digest for dogs. Rice Krispies are known to have high sugar levels that can cause your dog to have stomach upset and vomiting. Homemade rice krispies treats may be better than processed rice krispies as they can be made with healthier ingredients and less sugar.

Ancient rice vs modern rice for dogs

Ancient grains such as quinoa, amaranth, and brown rice have gained popularity in recent years due to their higher nutritional content compared to modern grains.

In a study conducted in 2021 entitled “Ancient grains as novel dietary carbohydrate sources in canine diets,” researchers conducted experiments using ten adult female Beagles. These dogs were fed one of five different dog food formulations, which included either up to 40% rice or one of four ancient grains: amaranth, white proso millet, quinoa, or oat groats. The dogs followed their assigned diets for 10 days, after which the scientists analyzed their feces and urine for an additional four days. Blood samples were then taken on the following day for further analysis.

The study’s findings revealed that when used as the primary carbohydrate source in extruded adult dog foods, ancient grains are well-received and suitable for adult dogs. Even at inclusion levels as high as 40%, there were no adverse effects on stool quality or macronutrient digestibility. The researchers concluded that the dietary inclusion of amaranth and oat groats specifically helps shift fermentative end products, indicating a beneficial butyrogenic effect. Butyrogenic is the process of producing butyrate, a short-chain fatty acid that has anti-inflammatory properties and provides energy for colon cells.

Compared to modern rice, ancient grains have lower glycemic indices, or GI. The glycemic index is a measure of how quickly carbohydrates in food are broken down into glucose and absorbed into the bloodstream. A low-GI diet can help regulate blood sugar levels, which can be beneficial for diabetic dogs. Rice has a higher GI compared to ancient grains, meaning it will quickly raise blood sugar levels after consumption. However, this does not necessarily mean that rice is unsuitable for dogs with diabetes. If used in moderation and alongside other low-GI ingredients, such as proteins and fibers, rice can still provide necessary nutrients without causing significant spikes in blood sugar levels.

Aside from their low GI, ancient grains also offer a range of other nutrients that make them a good ingredient in dog food. Amaranth is high in protein and contains essential amino acids, making it a valuable addition to vegetarian or vegan dog diets. It is also rich in antioxidants and minerals such as iron, calcium, and magnesium. Oat groats are a good source of fiber, helping with digestion and weight management in dogs. They also contain vitamins B1 and B5, which are important for energy metabolism, and vitamin E, an antioxidant that promotes healthy skin and coat.

Overall, incorporating ancient grains such as amaranth and oat groats into a dog’s diet can provide numerous benefits. These include lower glycemic index, improved blood sugar regulation, higher protein and fiber content, and essential vitamins and minerals. However, it is important to introduce these grains into a dog’s diet gradually and in moderation to avoid any potential adverse reactions or digestive issues. As with any dietary changes for your dog, it is always best to consult with a veterinarian before making significant adjustments to their diet. They can help determine the best ingredients and portions for your dog’s individual needs and health requirements.

Rice vs Brewers Rice:

Another commonly used ingredient in dog food is brewers rice. This type of rice is a byproduct of the beer brewing process and is often seen as a lower-quality option compared to regular rice. Brewers rice lacks many of the nutrients found in whole grain rice and may contain higher levels of sugar. Therefore, while it may still provide some benefits to dogs with diabetes, it is generally not considered as nutritious of an option compared to whole grain rice. It is important to carefully read the ingredients list on dog food labels and opt for whole grain rice over brewer rice whenever possible.

Read more about Brewers rice as a dog food ingredient here.

Which dogs should eat brown rice?

Brown rice is safe for most dogs to eat, but it may be particularly beneficial for dogs with certain health conditions.

  • Dogs with Diabetes: Brown rice can be a good option for dogs with diabetes as it has a lower glycemic index and can help regulate blood sugar levels.
  • Dogs with digestive issues: It can also be helpful for dogs with digestive issues or food allergies, as it is easier to digest and less likely to cause adverse reactions compared to other grains.
  • Senior dogs: Brown rice is a good source of energy for older dogs, as it provides complex carbohydrates that are slower to digest and can provide sustained energy throughout the day.
  • Here is a list of 50+ dog food diets with brown rice:

Which dogs should eat white rice:

White rice can also be a safe option for most dogs, but it may be more suitable for some dogs compared to others.

  • Dogs with upset stomachs: White rice is often recommended by vets as part of the “bland diet” for dogs with gastrointestinal issues, as it is gentle on the digestive system and easy to digest.
  • Dogs with kidney or liver disease: White rice is low in protein and can be a good option for dogs with kidney or liver disease who require a low-protein diet.
  • Puppies: Since puppies have small stomachs and may have trouble digesting complex carbohydrates, white rice can be a good option for them to get the necessary energy and nutrients.

Here are 10+ dog food brands with white rice.

How to safely feed your dog rice:

If your dog is experiencing gastrointestinal issues, your veterinarian may recommend a bland diet with white rice as a key ingredient. If you choose to cook the rice at home, it is best to prepare it plain without any common additives like butter, as they can be harmful to your dog’s health. However, you can add a small amount of boiled boneless, skinless chicken or turkey to the rice. When feeding your dog rice to aid with ongoing digestive problems, it is important to use a 2:1 rice-to-protein ratio, as the rice helps to bind your dog’s stool in cases of diarrhea.

The binding properties of white rice can also be beneficial when transitioning your dog to a new food. Mixing in some cooked, plain white rice with the new food can help ease any digestive upset that may occur during the transition period.

How much rice to feed my dog?

The amount of rice you should feed your dog will depend on their size and specific dietary needs. It is important to consult with your veterinarian before making any significant changes to your dog’s diet.

In general and as per PetMd’s recommendation, for an adult extra-large dog weighing 91+ pounds, it is recommended to serve approximately 1/2 cup of cooked white rice. For a large dog weighing between 51 and 90 pounds, a portion size of around 1/3 cup is suitable. A medium-sized dog weighing between 31 and 50 pounds can be given approximately 1/4 cup of cooked white rice. For a small dog weighing between 21 and 30 pounds, a portion size of 2-3 teaspoons is sufficient. For an extra-small dog weighing between 2 and 20 pounds, a portion size of 1-2 teaspoons is recommended. These serving sizes can be adjusted based on the specific needs and dietary requirements of your furry friend.

You should feed your dog the appropriate amount of rice based on their size and needs, being careful not to overfeed them. Rice should only be given as a supplement to their regular food, not as a full meal replacement.

Monocalcium and Dicalcium Phosphates for Dogs

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There is something very important about Phosphorus in regards to how much dogs need and how much they actually receive.

Dogs, like other farm animals such as poultry, have been documented to be receiving significantly less phosphorus than they need. What they can get from greens such as vegetables is only 30% of what they need and only 50% of the 30% gets finally absorbed.

Low phosphorus can cause;

  1. Poor growth
  2. Poor appetite
  3. Bone mineralization disorders
  4. Dental malformation
  5. Muscle weakness
  6. Lethargy
  7. Inability to reproduce
  8. Anemia

Pet food manufacturers rely on inorganic phosphates, specifically monocalcium, dicalcium or tricalcium phosphates to increase the Phosphorus in dog and cat food.

Monocalcium phosphates and dicalcium phosphates are the most frequently used as additives in pet foods. The major distinction between these food phosphates is their phosphorus content.

How Monocalcium phosphates is made:

To make monocalcium phosphate, calcium carbonate is treated with phosphoric acid. The end result of this process is two byproducts: calcium sulfate (gypsum) and monocalcium phosphate.

Gypsum is a common industrial product that has many uses, including being used as an additive in pet foods. Monocalcium phosphate, on the other hand, is not commonly found in nature and must be manufactured for use in food products.

The process of manufacturing monocalcium phosphate begins by treating calcium carbonate (CaCO3) with phosphoric acid (H3PO4). This reaction produces two byproducts: calcium sulfate (CaSO4) and monocalcium phosphate (Ca(H2PO4)2).

The calcium sulfate is then separated from the monocalcium phosphate, and the monocalcium phosphate is dried and ground into a fine powder. This powder can then be used as an additive in pet foods.

How Dicalcium Phosphates is obtained:

Dicalcium phosphate is made by treating calcium carbonate with phosphoric acid. The end result of this process is two byproducts: calcium sulfate and dicalcium phosphate.

Dicalcium phosphate differs from monocalcium phosphate in that it contains less phosphorus. It is also not as commonly used in pet foods, as it is more expensive to produce than monocalcium phosphate.

Monocalcium phosphates Regulation as a food additive

According to the FDA’s notice under Code of Federal Regulations 21CFR182.8217, FDA approved Monocalcium phosphates as a food additive generally recognized as safe (GRAS).

Advantages of monocalcium phosphate over dicalcium phosphate and tricalcium phosphate;

This website did the hard work of compiling the following advantages of the mono- over di- and tri-calcium phosphates;

  • It is a neutralizer for a number of chemicals, including salt, potassium, magnesium, and others.
  • It encourages the proper functioning of the heart, nervous and muscular systems, as well as other organs.
  • By stimulating digestive enzymes, it improves digestion by boosting their activity.
  • It strengthens the immune system
  • It aids in the movement of lipids, protein synthesis, and the removal of harmful chemicals from the intestine.
  • It improves the body’s carbohydrate, protein, fat, mineral, and energy metabolism
  • It has a protective effect on enzymes and vitamins, as well as an inhibitory action on proteins and the amino acids.
  • It contains the highest degree of digestibility (bioavailability)
  • The mineral contents of this formula are low, ensuring maximum digestibility and minimal environmental pollution.

Phosphates are inorganic salts of phosphorus. The three primary types of phosphates used in pet food are tricalcium phosphate, dicalcium phosphate, and monocalcium phosphate.

Phosphorus is an essential mineral for dogs and is needed for proper bone and teeth development. It is also involved in many other metabolic processes including energy production, cell growth and repair, and muscle contraction.

Digestibility of Monocalcium, Dicalcium and Tricalcium Phosphates:

Absorption of phosphorus from tricalcium phosphate is about 28%, while absorption from monocalcium phosphate is about 70%. Dicalcium phosphate absorption falls somewhere in between at 40-60%.

The table above is in line with another study that saw higher digestability of calcium and phosphorus in monocalcium(mCaP) compared to in dicalcium phosphate(diCaP).

Monocalcium Phosphate in dog food:

Monocalcium phosphate is a highly digestible form of phosphorus that is commonly used in dog food. This type of phosphorus is easily absorbed by the body and helps to maintain healthy bones and teeth. Monocalcium phosphate also supports proper kidney function and helps to keep the immune system strong.

Dogs that are not getting enough phosphorus in their diet may show signs of weakness, lethargy, and poor appetite. If you think your dog may be deficient in phosphorus, talk to your veterinarian about supplementing their diet with monocalcium phosphate.

Dicalcium phosphate(DCP) in dog food:

Dicalcium phosphate is another form of phosphorus that is commonly used in dog food. This type of phosphorus is not as well absorbed as monocalcium phosphate, but it is still a good source of this essential mineral.

According to this 1999 Research, dicalcium phosphate is a mix of varying amounts of dicalcium and monocalcium phosphates, phosphoric acid, calcium carbonate, and impurities, depending on the origin of the raw material and procedures employed in its industrial production.

DCP is a common supplement and tartar control aid that’s also used to improve cat and dog food texture. It is however insoluble, nonabsorbent, and cannot take in water. It has been linked to kidney stones in humans as well as calcification of soft tissue in pets.

The table shows the higher rates of digestibility of dicalcium phosphate compared represented below as DCP1 to monocalcium phosphate (represented below as MCP1). This is according to a recent 2021 Study on Digestability of Calcium Phosphate compounds;

Tricalcium phosphate in dog food:

Tricalcium phosphate is a form of phosphorus that is less well absorbed than other forms of this essential mineral. This type of phosphorus is often used in dog food as a cheaper alternative to monocalcium phosphate or dicalcium phosphate.

Is monocalcium phosphates safe for dogs?

It is safe and is often added to boost the amounts of Phosphorus in dog diets as most commercial dog food lack them. Experts recommend getting monocalcium phosphate supplements if your dog is not getting enough phosphorus in their diet. FDA has approved it as a food additive for pets and humans.

Ideal calcium, and phosphorus ratio for dogs:

The ideal ratio of calcium to phosphorus in the diet of dogs is 1.2:1 to 1.3:1. The Ca:P ratio in tricalcium phosphate is 1:1, in dicalcium phosphate 2:1, and in monocalcium phosphate 0.5:1. This means that tricalcium phosphate contains more phosphorus than calcium, while monocalcium phosphate contains more calcium than phosphorus.

When choosing a phosphorus supplement for your dog, it is important to consider the absorption rate of the phosphorus as well as the ratio of calcium to phosphorus. Monocalcium phosphate is a highly digestible form of phosphorus that is easily absorbed by the body. This type of phosphorus is ideal for dogs that are not getting enough phosphorus in their diet or for dogs that are at risk for phosphorus deficiency.

Side effects of monocalcium phosphate:

The main side effect of monocalcium phosphate in dogs when consumed in excess is cardiovascular issues and problems with calcium homeostasis. When not in the right ratio with calcium, phosphorus can cause these adverse effects. If you think your dog has consumed too much monocalcium phosphate, contact your veterinarian immediately.

Dextrose: Is it Bad for Dogs?

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Dextrose….is it okay for dogs to have it? Are they harmful…they are just glucose..they’re probably fine..but what amounts is acceptable…how about Dextrose in peanut butter..is that safe?

These are all the questions any pet owner has to grapple with when it comes to dextrose. In this blog, we’ll explore what dextrose is, its benefits, and the right doses for dogs. We’ll also answer the question: Is dextrose harmful to dogs?

What is Dextrose?

Dextrose is a sugar that is derived from corn. It is used in many foods and products as a sweetener or thickener. Dextrose is also often used in intravenous (IV) solutions to help replenish glucose levels in people who are unable to eat or drink.

Dextrose is broken down into glucose in the body, which is then used for energy. Dogs need glucose for energy, but they can also derive it from other sources such as proteins and fats.

When several single monosaccharide molecules are linked together to form complex polysaccharides, the resulting compound is dextrin. Dextrin is produced through a process where starch or simple glucose such as glucose monohydrate is hydrolyzed to form low-molecular-weight carbohydrates

Uses of Dextrose for Dogs – Explain like a vet:

Artificial sweetener:

Dextrin is used as an artificial sweetener or thickener in many foods and products. High fructose corn syrup is a dextrin in which some of the natural glucose has been changed to fructose, resulting in a highly stable and simple-to-use sweetener. Other names for dextrin include maltodextrin, corn syrup, and dextrose.

Some brands such as Benefiber use Dextrose as dietary fiber as well as a prebiotic ingredient made with wheat dextrin.

Benefiber - an example of a dietary fiber used as sweetener and source of dextrose glucose and fiber
Benefiber

Dextrose powder for dog diarrhea: Hydrant

Dextrose may also be used as an osmotic laxative to treat constipation in dogs. The osmotic laxative pulls water into the intestine, which softens the stool and helps to move it through the digestive system. Dextrose is available in a powder form that can be mixed with water and given by mouth.

Dextrose can also be used as an electrolyte replacement for dogs that are dehydrated. Dehydration can occur due to diarrhea, vomiting, or heat stroke. Dextrose is available in a powder form that can be mixed with water and given by mouth or through an IV.

Glucose monohydrate is a common hydrant used in hospital settings to quickly rehydrate patients.

Used to flush out the gastrointestinal tract:

Dextrose solutions are also used to flush out the gastrointestinal tract before surgery. This is done by giving the dog a large volume of dextrose solution by mouth or through an IV. The dextrose solution will cause the dog to urinate frequently, which will help to clear out the gastrointestinal tract.

Dextrose is also used as a blood sugar stabilizer for dogs that are diabetic. Dextrose is available in a powder form that can be mixed with water and given by mouth or through an IV.

IV Solution to replenish energy:

It is also often used in intravenous (IV) solutions to help replenish glucose levels in animals who are unable to eat or drink. It is also used to treat low blood sugar levels (hypoglycemia) in animals.

Dextrose may be given intravenously (by IV) to help raise blood sugar levels in animals with diabetes mellitus who are having a hypoglycemic reaction. It is also used as an emergency treatment for low blood sugar levels in animals that cannot eat or drink.

It may be given intravenously (by IV) to help provide energy for animals during surgery.

Source of energy:

Dogs need glucose for energy, but they can also derive it from other sources such as proteins and fats. Dextrin is broken down into glucose in the body, which is then used for energy.

Dextrin and fluid therapy in dogs:

Dextrose is commonly used in fluid therapy for dogs. It is important to maintain hydration levels in dogs during illness or surgery, and dextrose helps to do this. Dextrose also provides energy and calories for dogs who are unable to eat or drink.

Fluid therapy is a way of giving fluids to an animal intravenously (by IV). This can be done to treat dehydration, provide energy, or deliver medications. Dextrose is often added to the fluids to provide calories and energy.

Dextrose solutions for dogs are usually given intravenously (by IV), but they can also be given orally (by mouth) or subcutaneously (under the skin).

Dextrose solutions for dogs come in different concentrations, depending on the intended use. A 5% dextrose solution is commonly used for fluid therapy, while a 10% or 25% solution may be used for emergency treatment of low blood sugar levels.

The concentration of dextrose in the solution, as well as the rate at which it is given, will be determined by the veterinarian based on the needs of the individual dog.

 Treating dog Hypoglycemia with Dextrose:

Hypoglycemia is a condition in which blood glucose levels are abnormally low. A healthy dog’s normal blood glucose level is 3.3-6.1 mmol/L, whereas diabetic dogs require higher levels of monitoring and attention to ensure their survival. When the body consumes an excessive amount of glucose (because there isn’t enough left in the blood to perform its normal functions), or when the liver can’t produce enough glucose to meet the body’s needs, hypoglycemia results.

Dogs with hypoglycemia may exhibit any or all of the following symptoms: weakness, lethargy, collapse, seizures, and coma. If left untreated, hypoglycemia can be fatal.

Dextrose is the treatment of choice for hypoglycemia in dogs. Dextrose solutions are available in different concentrations, depending on the needs of the individual dog. A 5% dextrose solution is commonly used, while a 10% or 25% solution may be used for emergency treatment.

Calculating dextrose in iv fluids:

The concentration of dextrose in an IV fluid is typically 5%. This means that for every 100 mL of fluid, 5 mL is dextrose.

To calculate the amount of dextrose in a given volume of IV fluid:

Dextrose (g) = Volume (L) x Concentration (g/L)

For example, to calculate the amount of dextrose in 500 mL of 5% dextrose solution:

Dextrose (g) = 0.5 L x 5 g/L = 2.5 g

Dextrose infusion:

Glucose CRI (continuous rate infusion) is a treatments where glucose is infused at a constant rate into the animal’s vein to maintain normoglycemia.

Dextrose solutions for dogs come in different concentrations, depending on the intended use. A 2.5% CRI means that a 0.05ml of 50% glucose per every ml in the infusion bag. The rate of the infusion can be adjusted according to the animal’s needs and response.

2.5% CRI = 0.05ml of 50% glucose for every 1ml of fluid in the bag⁠

Can dogs have dextrose? Is Dextrose Harmful to dogs?

Dextrose is safe for dogs and it is not harmful at all when used as directed as it is a complex carbohydrate that’s great at providing an energy boost to dogs and especially those with hypoglycemia. FDA classifies it as GRAS (generally recognized as safe) and is on this FDA list of approved additives. When used in large concentrations it may cause osmotic diuresis leading to dehydration which is why it’s important to follow your veterinarian’s directions. Dextrose isn’t recommended for long-term use as a sole source of nutrition as it can lead to liver problems.

When used in IV fluids for dogs, it can help to maintain hydration levels and provide energy. It is important to follow the directions of your veterinarian when giving dextrose to your dog.

See all FDA-approved Dextrose drugs here.

Side effects of dextrose powder for dogs:

The most common side effect of dextrose is an upset stomach, excessive thirst, rapid breathing, and dizziness. An upset stomach can lead to vomiting or diarrhea. If your dog experiences these side effects, stop giving them the dextrose and contact your veterinarian.

Dextrose can also cause a drop in blood sugar levels (hypoglycemia). If this happens, it is important to contact your veterinarian right away.

How to give dextrose to a dog:

Dextrose can be given orally, through an IV, or intramuscularly (IM). It is important to follow the directions of your veterinarian when giving dextrose to your dog.

  • Oral: Dextrose can be given orally to dogs who are able to eat and drink. It is important to make sure that the dextrose is fully dissolved in water before giving it to your dog.
  • IV: Dextrose can also be given through an IV. This is typically done in a hospital setting.
  • IM: Dextrose can also be given intramuscularly (IM). This is typically done in a hospital setting.

Dextrose in peanut butter for dogs:

Dextrose is a sugar that is derived from corn and is used in many different food products. Peanut butter is one of those foods. Dextrose is often added to peanut butter as a sweetener, but it can also be used as a preservative.

The amount of dextrose in peanut butter varies depending on the brand. Some brands add more dextrose than others. However, the amount of dextrose in peanut butter is generally low and is not considered to be harmful to dogs.

In fact, many veterinarians recommend using peanut butter with added dextrose as a treat for dogs who are diabetic. The dextrose helps to stabilize the blood sugar levels of diabetic dogs.

If you are concerned about the amount of dextrose in peanut butter, you can always check the label to see how much dextrose has been added. Or, you can choose a brand of peanut butter that does not add any dextrose.

FAQs

Q:is dextrose powder good for dogs everyday?

A: No, dextrose is not recommended for long-term use as a sole source of nutrition as it can lead to liver problems.

Q:is dextrose powder harmful for dogs?

A: No, dextrose is not harmful for dogs when used as directed. It is important to follow the directions of your veterinarian when giving dextrose to your dog.

Q: how often can I give my dog dextrose powder?

A: It is important to follow the directions of your veterinarian when giving dextrose to your dog. Dextrose is not recommended for long-term use as a sole source of nutrition as it can lead to liver problems.

Glucose Monohydrate for Dogs

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Whether it is dextrose glucose or monohydrate glucose, it is essential to understand how these two different types of glucose can be used for dogs before purchase or administration. In this blog, we will explore what glucose monohydrate is, the benefits for dogs, the ideal dosage, its dangers, and how to use it on dogs.

Glucose monohydrate is a simple sugar that is broken down by the body to provide energy. It is found in many foods, including fruits, vegetables, grains, and dairy products.

What is Glucose Monohydrate?

Glucose monohydrate is a simple sugar or a single monosaccharide molecule that is broken down by the body to provide energy. In its physical form, it is a white, odorless, and sweet-tasting powder that is derived from the hydrolysis of starch.

Other online sources describe glucose monohydrate as a ‘monosaccharide sugar that is fast absorbed from the digestive tract to provide instant energy. It has a pleasant/good taste that pets will like.’

It is commonly used as a food sweetener or preservative.

It is also called D-Glucose Monohydrate and is mostly packaged in a small 100-gram or 340-gram bottles similar to the ones below;

MONDEX(D-GLUCOSE MONOHYDRATE)FOR DOGS 100g | Shopee Philippines

The bottles above are showing Mondex powder, which is an energy supplement for dogs that contains glucose monohydrate.

According to WebMD, Glucose is “a type of sugar your body uses for energy. Your blood carries glucose to all of your body’s cells to use for energy. Insulin is a hormone that helps carry glucose into your cells.”

Is it natural sugar?

Yes, D-(+)-Glucose monohydrate is a natural sugar that is derived from the hydrolysis of starch.

It is involved in processes like glycosylation, energy production and formation of glycans that are involved in providing structure to the cells.

What is glycosylation?

Glycosylation is the process where monosaccharides like glucose are covalently bonded to lipids or proteins. This process can be either N-linked or O-linked.

N-linked glycosylation involves the linkage of a sugar molecule to the side chain of asparagine, while O-linked glycosylation involves the linkage of a sugar molecule to the side chain of serine or threonine.

What are glycans?

Glycans are carbohydrates that are covalently bonded to lipids or proteins. They can be found on the cell surface and play important roles in cell-cell interactions, cell signaling, and the immune response.

How glucose monohydrate provides instant energy to dogs:

The blood which carries glucose circulates throughout the body and enters cells through their cell walls. Once inside, an enzyme called hexokinase converts glucose to glucose-6-phosphate (G6P), which provides energy for the cell.

You can give your dog a dose of glucose monohydrate to help them have an instant energy boost. When starting out with energy supplements for dogs for working dogs, for example, it is important to consult your vet about the possible side effects of some generic glucose monohydrate supplements on the market such as Mondex.

What are the benefits of using Glucose Monohydrate for Dogs?

There are several benefits that have been associated with using glucose monohydrate for dogs. These benefits include:

1. It provides an instant energy boost

2. It helps to increase stamina and endurance

3. It can help to improve mental clarity and focus

4. It can help to regulate blood sugar levels

5. It is a natural sweetener with no artificial additives or preservatives

What is the ideal dosage of Glucose Monohydrate for Dogs?

The ideal dosage of glucose monohydrate for dogs will vary depending on the size and weight of the dog, as well as the reason for supplementation. It is always best to consult with your veterinarian before starting any energy supplement, especially if your dog has any underlying health conditions.

A general rule of thumb is to start with a lower dose and increase gradually as needed. For example, for a small dog, you may start with 5-10 grams per day and increase by 1/4 teaspoon every week until the desired effect is achieved.

MonDex Dose:

MonDex recommends mixing 15 to 30 grams (about 1 to 2 teaspoons) per 250-ml glass of drinking water that you want to give to your dog.

Below is a snapshot of the dosage and administration instructions on Mondex’s packaging;

Glucose Monohydrate & Mondex Powder side effects:

The active compound in Mondex power is Glucose Monohydrate. Some of the potential side effects associated with this compound include:

  • Bad watery diarrhea that may have blood in it
  • Skin coloring and rash – pale or yellow skin
  • Colored urine
  • Nausea
  • Fever
  • Confusion, weakness, bruising and bleeding.

D-glucose monohydrate for dogs how to use:

When using glucose monohydrate for dogs, it is important to start with a lower dose and increase gradually as needed. For example, for a small dog, you may start with 5-10 grams per day and increase by 1/4 teaspoon every week until the desired effect is achieved.

It is also important to consult with your veterinarian before starting any energy supplement, especially if your dog has any underlying health conditions.

What are the dangers of using Glucose monohydrates for Dogs?

While there are several potential benefits associated with using glucose monohydrates for dogs, there are also some potential dangers that pet owners should be aware of. These dangers include:

  1. It can cause diabetes: Avoid using too much D-Monohydrate as it can cause your dog to develop diabetes. It has high amount of calories.
  2. Allergic reactions: Some dogs may be allergic to Glucose Monohydrate. If you see any allergic reaction, stop using it and contact your veterinarian
  3. Diarrhea: If used in high doses, it can cause diarrhea in dogs. 4. Vomiting: In some cases, dogs may vomit after taking Gl
  4. There is also a risk of your dog developing hypoglycemia, which is a condition characterized by low blood sugar levels.
  5. If not used correctly, glucose monohydrate can also cause dehydration in dogs.

What’s the cost of a D-Monohydrate supplement such as Mondex Powder?

I couldn’t find Mondex Powder being retailed by major stores in the US such as Chewy.com or Amazon. I was, however, able to find retailers in the Philippines selling Mondex Powder for about $1.71 for a 100 mg bottle.

In the US, the price of Mondex Powder must be higher since it’s not a popular supplement yet. You can try finding it on eBay under lab chemicals here.

How long does Mondex stay in your dog’s system?

Glucose Monohydrate has a half-life of around 1 hour. This means that it will take around 1 hour for the levels of Mondex in your body to decrease by 50%.

FAQs

What is Dextrose?

Dextrose glucose, on the other hand, is a simple sugar that is made from the hydrolysis of starch as well by combining several molecules of monosaccharide molecules. It is also known as blood sugar because it is the sugar that circulates in the blood. Most importantly, dextrose glucose is essential for the metabolism of carbohydrates and fats.

Q: Dextrose vs Glucose Monohydrate: Which is better?

A: Dextrose is a simple sugar that is made from the hydrolysis of starch. It is also known as blood sugar because it is the sugar that circulates in the blood. Most importantly, dextrose glucose is essential for the metabolism of carbohydrates and fats. Glucose Monohydrate, on the other hand, is a complex sugar that is made up of two molecules of glucose. It is often used as a dietary supplement because it can help to improve energy levels and cognitive function.

Q: How does Mondex work?

A: Mondex works by providing the body with an easily accessible source of energy. When taken in high doses, it can help to improve energy levels and cognitive function. Additionally, it can also help to prevent or treat low blood sugar levels.

Calcium to Phosphorus Ratio for Dogs (Ca:P)

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Did you know that there is a right and wrong balance of calcium to phosphorus in your pet’s diet? A deficiency or excess of either one can have serious consequences for their health. Let’s take a closer look at these two important minerals and how to make sure your furry friend gets the right amount of each.

What is Calcium?

Calcium is a mineral that is essential for strong bones and teeth. It also plays a role in blood clotting, muscle function, and nerve transmission. A diet lacking in calcium can lead to problems such as bone loss, joint pain, and poor muscle function.

What is Phosphorus?

Phosphorus is another mineral that is essential for strong bones and teeth. It also helps with kidney function and the production of energy in the body. A diet lacking in phosphorus can lead to problems such as bone loss, joint pain, and kidney disease.

How much Calcium and Phosphorus ratio is recommended for dogs?

AAFCO recommends a minimum of 1:1 Ca:P ratio for dogs at all stages. They recommend a maximum Ca:P ratio of 2:1.

Below is a table from peterdobias.com with info on the calcium, phosphorus, and Ca:P ratio recommended for puppies and adult dogs per 1000 Cal.

Ratio of Calcium to Phosphorus

AAFCO has not provided a recommendation for Ca:P ratio for cats. Cats have different dietary needs than dogs, so it’s best to speak with your veterinarian about the right amount of these minerals for your feline friend.

Why is the Ca:P ratio for dogs important?

Calcification is the process where calcium deposits build up in tissues and organs. This can lead to serious health problems such as kidney stones, heart problems, and even death. A diet with an appropriate Ca:P ratio helps to prevent these problems.

Calcium is also necessary for proper blood clotting. A diet with too much calcium can lead to problems with blood clotting and even death.

According to the Merck Veterinary Manual quoted here, “insufficient calcium or surplus phosphorus can reduce calcium absorption and cause irritability, hyperesthesia (oversensitivity to sensory stimuli), and muscle weakness. Skeletal demineralization can also result from a lack of calcium, particularly in the pelvis and vertebrae.”

Excess calcium can also prevent normal healthy bone mineralization and growth in young (under 1 year old) big and giant breed dogs. Large breeds fed too much calcium are more likely to develop osteochondrosis (abnormal bone growth).

What are the consequences of an imbalance in Ca:P ratio?

Too much calcium in the diet can lead to calcification of tissues and organs, as well as problems with blood clotting. Too little calcium can lead to bone loss and joint pain.

Too much phosphorus in the diet can lead to calcification. Too little phosphorus can lead to bone loss and joint pain.

An imbalance in the Ca:P ratio can also lead to health problems such as kidney stones, heart disease, and even death.

How can I make sure my pet has the right Ca:P ratio in their diet?

The best way to ensure your pet has the right Ca:P ratio in their diet is to feed them a balanced, commercial pet food that meets AAFCO guidelines. You can also speak with your veterinarian about supplements or special diets that may be appropriate for your pet.

Ratio of Calcium to Phosphorus